In this work, the effect of acid wet leaching on three types of waste from sewage treatment has been investigated experimentally: i) sludge after mechanical dehydration; ii) ash after sludge incineration; iii) ash after sludge co-incineration with municipal solid waste. The second type of waste was obtained artificially in the laboratory using a muffle. Methodologically, leaching tests predicted the adoption of nitric acid at different concentrations, while maintaining a constant L/S (liquid/solid) ratio. At the end of the tests, the eluate was filtered and analysed by ICP-OES. The characterization of solid samples was analysed via XRD and XRF. The chemical composition of the samples before acid leaching made it possible to obtain the extraction efficiency of P by comparing the concentration of the element in the samples before and after extraction with acid. The extraction efficiencies obtained are therefore 80% for sludge (i) and 75% for ash (ii). Also, in the case of sludge and waste co-incineration we have about 75% extraction of P but with very low concentrations in the sample (~700 ppm, against ~6000 ppm in case (ii)). The results obtained by leaching samples (i) and (ii) were then compared by comparing the extraction rates of other elements such as iron (and heavy metals), which in the case of sludge (i) is 34% as against 10% of ash (ii).
Nel presente lavoro è stato studiato, sperimentalmente, l’effetto della lisciviazione acida ad umido su tre tipologie di rifiuti dalla depurazione delle acque reflue urbane: i) fanghi post disidratazione meccanica; ii) ceneri post incenerimento fanghi; iii) ceneri post co-incenerimento fanghi con rifiuti solidi urbani. La seconda tipologia di rifiuti è stata ottenuta artificialmente in laboratorio mediante l’ausilio di una muffola. Metodologicamente, i test di lisciviazione hanno previsto l’adozione di acido nitrico a differente concentrazione, pur mantenendo un rapporto L/S (liqui-do/solido) costante. Al termine dei test, l’eluato è stato filtrato e analizzato mediante ICP-OES. La caratterizzazione dei campioni solidi è stata analizzata tramite XRD e XRF. Grazie alla composizione chimica dei campioni prima della lisciviazione acida è stato possibile ricavare l’efficienza di estrazione del P confrontando la concentrazione dell’elemento nei campioni prima e dopo l’estrazione con acido. Le efficienze di estrazione ricavate sono quindi dell’80% per i fanghi (i) e del 75% per le ceneri (ii). Anche nel caso del co-incenerimento fanghi e rifiuti abbiamo circa il 75% di estrazione del P ma con concentrazioni molto basse nel campione (~700 ppm, contro i ~6000 ppm nel caso (ii)). Sono stati dunque confrontati i risultati ottenuti dalla lisciviazione dei campioni (i) e (ii) confrontando i tassi di estrazione di altri elementi come il ferro (e metalli pesanti), che nel caso dei fanghi (i) risulta essere del 34% contro il 10% delle ceneri (ii).
INDAGINE SPERIMENTALE SUL TRATTAMENTO DEI FANGHI DI DEPURAZIONE PER IL RECUPERO DEL FOSFORO MEDIANTE LISCIVIAZIONE ACIDA A UMIDO
VENDOLA, IOLANDA CARLA
2021/2022
Abstract
In this work, the effect of acid wet leaching on three types of waste from sewage treatment has been investigated experimentally: i) sludge after mechanical dehydration; ii) ash after sludge incineration; iii) ash after sludge co-incineration with municipal solid waste. The second type of waste was obtained artificially in the laboratory using a muffle. Methodologically, leaching tests predicted the adoption of nitric acid at different concentrations, while maintaining a constant L/S (liquid/solid) ratio. At the end of the tests, the eluate was filtered and analysed by ICP-OES. The characterization of solid samples was analysed via XRD and XRF. The chemical composition of the samples before acid leaching made it possible to obtain the extraction efficiency of P by comparing the concentration of the element in the samples before and after extraction with acid. The extraction efficiencies obtained are therefore 80% for sludge (i) and 75% for ash (ii). Also, in the case of sludge and waste co-incineration we have about 75% extraction of P but with very low concentrations in the sample (~700 ppm, against ~6000 ppm in case (ii)). The results obtained by leaching samples (i) and (ii) were then compared by comparing the extraction rates of other elements such as iron (and heavy metals), which in the case of sludge (i) is 34% as against 10% of ash (ii).I documenti in UNITESI sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14253/70083