Aortic dissection is an acute condition of the aorta, it typically starts with an intimal tear and continues with the separation of the aortic wall’s layers. This situation typically leads to the creation of a second lumen, called false lumen, where the blood can flow into. For the diagnosis of this pathology, computed tomography angiography is usually used. In order to have a better understanding of its causes and for measuring cross-sectional diameters at the onset and at each follow-up, segmentation of true and false lumen is important in the clinical use. In this work, a pipeline for aortic dissection segmentation is developed to obtain the correct visualization of true and false lumen separated by a dissection flap, that characterizes this pathology. Additionally, there is a novel evaluation of three different vessel enhancement filters, because vessel enhancement is one of the first steps of the pipeline in this work and generally it is a crucial step to improve the result of segmentation.
La dissezione aortica è una patologia dell’aorta che tipicamente si genera a partire da uno strappo della tonaca intima e prosegue con la separazione degli strati della parete aortica. Questa situazione porta alla creazione di un secondo lume, chiamato lume falso, attraverso il quale vi può fluire il sangue. Per la diagnosi di questa condizione viene solitamente utilizzata la tomografia computerizzata angiografica (CTA). Per meglio comprendere le cause della dissezione aortica e per misurare i diametri dei due lumi che caratterizzano la patologia, la segmentazione è molto importante nell’utilizzo clinico, sia all’inizio che a ciascun follow-up. In questo lavoro di tesi è stata sviluppata una pipeline per ottenere la segmentazione dell’aorta con questa patologia, distinguendo tra loro i due lumi, attraverso il flap che li divide. Inoltre, c’è una nuova valutazione di alcuni filtri usati per aumentare il contrasto dei vasi sanguigni, filtri che vengono generalmente utilizzati in fase di pre-processing per migliorare la segmentazione.
AN EVALUATION OF VESSEL ENHANCEMENT AND SEGMENTATION METHODS FOR AORTIC DISSECTIONS IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY
DISANTO, ANTONELLA
2020/2021
Abstract
Aortic dissection is an acute condition of the aorta, it typically starts with an intimal tear and continues with the separation of the aortic wall’s layers. This situation typically leads to the creation of a second lumen, called false lumen, where the blood can flow into. For the diagnosis of this pathology, computed tomography angiography is usually used. In order to have a better understanding of its causes and for measuring cross-sectional diameters at the onset and at each follow-up, segmentation of true and false lumen is important in the clinical use. In this work, a pipeline for aortic dissection segmentation is developed to obtain the correct visualization of true and false lumen separated by a dissection flap, that characterizes this pathology. Additionally, there is a novel evaluation of three different vessel enhancement filters, because vessel enhancement is one of the first steps of the pipeline in this work and generally it is a crucial step to improve the result of segmentation.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Antonella DISANTO - TESI.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi di laurea di Disanto Antonella
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14253/66547