In recent years several companies have approached the world of Additive Manufacturing, AM, for the production of products relating to the fashion field and more specifically in the footwear sector there are multinationals such as Adidas, Under Armour, Dior, Asics, ... which have produced or intend to do so using this technology. Together with these large companies, Crea3D, Ruvo di Puglia, Bari, Italy, has started a project for the production of its own shoe in AM, more precisely through Material EXtrusion, MEX. Their product is currently just a prototype which is called FuSa. In this study, the production of the Fusa shoe was therefore analysed, initially studying the AM footwear market, trying to understand which production processes were used by competitors and which materials were used. We then chose to focus more in depth on thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU, and how this can be molded for the production of the shoe, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the production process with this material. Various specimens were therefore produced with MEX technology by varying the parameters of extrusion temperature, flow rate and printing orientation, then various tests were carried out to understand how the variation of these conditions could affect production and mechanical and aesthetic performance. The specimens were analyzed under an electron microscope, Archimedes tests were carried out to evaluate the density and compression tests were carried out. At the end of the study, it was highlighted which parameter was the best for the production of the entire shoe or for just the sole inserts, evaluating both the aesthetic and performance aspects.
Negli ultimi anni diverse aziende si sono avvicinate al mondo dell’Additive Manufacturing, AM, per la produzione di prodotti inerenti al campo della moda e più nello specifico in ambito calzaturiero ci sono multinazionali come Adidas, Under Armour, Dior, Asics, … che hanno prodotto o hanno intenzione di farlo usando questa tecnologia. Insieme a queste grandi aziende anche Crea3D, Ruvo di Puglia, Bari, Italia, ha avviato un progetto per la produzione di una propria scarpa in AM, più precisamente attraverso il Material EXtrusion, MEX. Il loro prodotto attualmente è solo un prototipo che è denominato FuSa. In questo studio si è quindi analizzata la produzione della scarpa Fusa andando inizialmente a studiare il mercato dell’AM calzaturiero cercando di capire quali processi produttivi venissero utilizzati dai competitors e quali materiali vengano adoperati. Si è scelto poi di focalizzarci più approfonditamente sul poliuretano termoplastico, TPU, e come questo possa essere stampato per la produzione della scarpa mettendo in risalto i vantaggi e gli svantaggi del processo produttivo con questo materiale. Si sono quindi prodotti vari provini con tecnologia MEX facendo variare i parametri di extrusion temperature, flow rate e orientazione di stampa, quindi si sono effettuate varie prove per capire come la variazione di queste condizione possa inficiare sulla produzione e sulle prestazioni meccaniche ed estetiche. Si sono analizzati i provini ad un microscopio elettronico, si sono effettuate le prove di Archimede per valutare la densità e si sono compiuti test a compressione dei vari campioni. Al termine dello studio, si è evidenziato quale parametro fosse il migliore per la produzione della scarpa intera o per solo gli inserti della suola, valutando sia gli aspetti estetici sia quelli prestazionali.
ANALISI DEGLI EFFETTI DEI PARAMETRI DI PROCESSO SULLE CARATTERISTICHE MECCANICHE DI PARTI PRODOTTE IN TPU TRAMITE TECNOLOGIA MATERIAL EXTRUSION
DE PALMA, FRANCESCO
2023/2024
Abstract
In recent years several companies have approached the world of Additive Manufacturing, AM, for the production of products relating to the fashion field and more specifically in the footwear sector there are multinationals such as Adidas, Under Armour, Dior, Asics, ... which have produced or intend to do so using this technology. Together with these large companies, Crea3D, Ruvo di Puglia, Bari, Italy, has started a project for the production of its own shoe in AM, more precisely through Material EXtrusion, MEX. Their product is currently just a prototype which is called FuSa. In this study, the production of the Fusa shoe was therefore analysed, initially studying the AM footwear market, trying to understand which production processes were used by competitors and which materials were used. We then chose to focus more in depth on thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU, and how this can be molded for the production of the shoe, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the production process with this material. Various specimens were therefore produced with MEX technology by varying the parameters of extrusion temperature, flow rate and printing orientation, then various tests were carried out to understand how the variation of these conditions could affect production and mechanical and aesthetic performance. The specimens were analyzed under an electron microscope, Archimedes tests were carried out to evaluate the density and compression tests were carried out. At the end of the study, it was highlighted which parameter was the best for the production of the entire shoe or for just the sole inserts, evaluating both the aesthetic and performance aspects.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Tesi definitiva de Palma Francesco
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14253/64486